□陈保君（马来西亚）　邓琳娜（罗马尼亚）

我的老师曾经告诉我，最完整的艺术形式是京剧，因为它结合了音乐、戏剧、面具、服装，每一个动作都很重要。每一个手势都象征着某种东西，无论你来自何方，中国戏曲的声音都是你永远不会忘记的。

当我第一次看到《穆桂英挂帅》时，我认为这是真正的艺术，这与我们过去的习惯大相径庭。 声音非常清晰，高音独特，服装色彩鲜艳，我可以看到每个角色都有特殊的细节。看的时候，有一种平静的效果带来的快乐，尽管我无法理解他们所说的意思。

京剧是一门生机勃勃、令人惊叹的表演艺术，它不仅引人入胜而且还经常让外国游客感到困惑。 这种极具中国特色的艺术形式，精致的服装和妆容，手势娴熟的舞台动作，深刻而复杂的构图以及独特的音乐风格，令观众惊叹不已。京剧歌手的音色可以形容为生动、流畅和鼻音。 这些声音与西方意大利歌剧的声乐作品完全不同，是使用冗长、拖长的声音，很少使用西方歌剧中所珍视的高音与声速相结合的极端位置。 汉语的音调性质对京剧旋律诗句的热情表现有重大贡献。 艺术可以被认为是服装、化妆、动作、舞蹈、文字和歌曲的风格化模式的综合。

中国戏曲的历史可以追溯到三国时期，当时一种叫作参军的戏曲蜚声中外。 到了唐朝，在李隆基皇帝的领导下，中国戏曲变得更加系统化以及正规化。 李隆基创办了中国第一个著名的戏班“梨园”，如今的戏曲专家仍被公认为“梨园弟子”。

中国是一个多元化的国家，当然，中国戏曲也极其多元化。有超过 300种不同的风格，其中许多包括它们起源的省或地区的名称。 有些人会口语对话，但他们都有独特的乐谱、歌唱、表现主义动作、特别的服装和具有代表性的面具或化妆。

京剧可以追溯到18世纪。 它于2010年被正式列入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》，这可能是中国最严苛的歌剧典范，需要在全国众多学校之一中进行至少5年的强化教学。在整部歌剧中，演员通常会跳出华丽的舞蹈来取悦观众。 跳跃、旋转、跳舞、旋转各种道具、跳跃和平衡、后空翻都是需要高水平运动训练的动作。 短的环形步代表长途旅行等事件，而摆动的手指代表强烈的情绪。 情节经常需要跳舞，而不是事后思考。到北京旅行可以方便地欣赏京剧，京剧定期在长安大戏院演出。 演出期间，长安大剧院提供中英文字幕。

川剧是另一种中国戏曲。许多外国人都对川剧中的变脸感到震惊，这不仅仅是魔术，这是一个时间停止，把不可能变为可能的美丽时刻。这种特殊的戏曲类型实际上由五种截然不同的、更早的戏曲体裁组成，大概是在明朝末年的四川发展起来的。2000 多个川剧表演中的每一个都基于一个著名的中国神话或故事。 不会说中文的人仍然可以欣赏这些演讲，因为大多数故事都是通过表演或音乐伴奏来讲述的。变脸和喷火表演经常结合在一起，增加了一层复杂性。 尽管喷火在世界各地的表演中很普遍，但川剧演员却有能力喷出高达两米的火柱。我希望有一天能和朋友一起去成都，重庆或者长沙看看变脸。

中国最早的戏曲品种之一起源于广东省，被称为潮剧。 除了梆子打击乐和皮黄旋律技法。 潮剧通常将十个不同的小丑分配给十个不同的角色，因为它以喜剧而闻名。

我在家里有一件T 恤，上面有一个戏曲面具、一幅画和一个代表戏曲汉字的小雕像。 这些都是伟大艺术的小象征，有时人们问我它们代表什么，我会热切地告诉他们中国戏曲和中国文化的丰富性。中国戏曲种类繁多，各具特色。 没人能说他们不喜欢中国戏曲，每个人都说他们有自己喜欢的类型。 至于我，我想我需要几年的时间来聆听和了解中国戏曲的复杂性。

在西方，只有意大利歌剧获得了如此高的知名度。 意大利歌剧以音乐为主，主要讲述情人之间的故事，以及中世纪富人生活的复杂情节。 歌剧需要管弦乐队伴奏国。圣卡夏诺剧院是第一个开放的歌剧场地，于1637年首次亮相。从那时起，歌剧从贵族领域过渡到商业领域，向更广泛的公众开放。舞台上有许多穿着大礼服或闪亮服装的演员，但情节并不复杂，即使您不会说意大利语，也很容易理解发生了什么。这些极具戏剧性的表演是从类似戏剧性的政治局势发展而来的。 希腊戏剧与现代音乐相结合，形成了一种由意大利文艺复兴时期支持的新型戏剧。 意大利歌剧一直将美丽和奇观与强烈的情感结合在一起。 它是一种优雅的享受，无论是在视觉、听觉和情感上都令人着迷。意大利歌剧很漂亮，欧洲各地有很多活动，但中国歌剧展现了人性，所有的故事都告诉我们一些关于历史、文化的东西，但最重要的是关于人。

然而，中国戏曲中最美丽的英雄、勇敢和睿智的故事仍然存在。我相信这是唯一真正符合内心的风格，无论是语言还是地点，每个人都可以欣赏到中国戏曲的独特性。

Bilingual column- Chinese opera, mirror of the human soul

My teacher told me once that the most complete form of art is Chinese opera, because it combines music, drama, masks, clothes, and every single movement is important. Every gesture symbolizes something and the sound of Chinese opera is something you will never forget, regardless where are you from.

When I first saw "Mu Guiying takes command" I thought it was real art, and it was very different from what we were used to. The voices are very clear, the high pitches are unique, the costumes are colorful, and I can see special details for each character. While I was watching, there was a calming effect that brought joy, although I could not understand the meaning of what they were saying.

Peking Opera is a vibrant and stunning performing art that transcends, captivates and often confuses foreigners. This extreme Chinese form of art, with its delicate costumes and makeup, skillful stage movements, deep and complex composition and unique musical style, amazes the audience. The timbre of a Peking opera singer can be described as vivid, smooth, and nasal. These sounds are nothing like the vocal productions of Western Italian opera. Long, drawn-out voices are used, with little use of the extreme positions of treble combined with speed of sound that are cherished in Western opera. The tonal nature of the Chinese language has contributed significantly to the enthusiastic performance of Peking Opera's melodic verses. Art can be thought of as a synthesis of stylized patterns of clothing, makeup, movement, dance, words, and songs. The history of Chinese opera can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms period, when a type of opera called joining the army was well-known both at home and abroad. By the Tang Dynasty, under the leadership of Emperor Li Longji, Chinese opera became more regularized. Li Longji established China's first famous opera troupe "Pear Garden", and today's opera experts are still recognized as "Pear Garden Disciples".

China is a diverse country and, of course, Chinese opera is also extremely diverse. There are over 300 different styles, many of which include the name of the province or territory from which they originated. Some have spoken dialogue, but they all have unique musical scores, singing, expressionist movements, quirky costumes, and representative masks or makeup.

This provincial department, also known as Peking Opera, or Peking Opera, dates back to the 18th century. Officially inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2010, it is perhaps China's most demanding example of opera, requiring at least five years of intensive teaching in one of the country's many schools. Throughout the opera, actors often perform extravagant dances to please the audience. Jumping, spinning, dancing, spinning various props, jumping and balancing, and backflips are all movements that require a high level of athletic training. Short circular walks represent events such as long journeys, while wiggling fingers represent strong emotions. Plots often require dancing, not an afterthought. A trip to Beijing can conveniently include a Peking Opera concert. Peking Opera is regularly performed at the Chang'an Grand Theater. During the performance, the Chang'an Grand Theater will provide Chinese and English subtitles.

Amazed by costumes used in the Pekin Opera, but there is even more to come, as anyone is shocked by the “face changing” in Sichuan opera, that it's not just magic, it's a beautiful moment where time stops and the impossible becomes possible. This particular opera genre actually consists of five distinct and earlier opera genres that were presumably developed in Sichuan Province in the late Ming Dynasty. Each of the more than 2,000 Sichuan Opera performances is based on a famous Chinese myth or story. Non-Chinese speakers can still enjoy these presentations, as most stories are told through aesthetics or musical accompaniment. Face-changing and fire-breathing performances are often combined, adding a layer of complexity. Although spitting fire is common in performances around the world, Sichuan opera actors are capable of spitting fire pillars as high as two meters. I hope that one day I can go to Chengdu, Chongqing or Changsha with my friends to see the “face changing.”

One of the earliest Chinese opera varieties originated in Guangdong province and it is known as Teochew opera. In addition to clapper percussion and leather yellow melody techniques, Teochew opera usually assigns ten different clowns roles as it is known for its comedy.

I have a T-shirt at home with an opera mask, a painting and a figurine representing a Chinese character from opera. These are little symbols of great art, and sometimes people ask me what they represent, and I eagerly tell them about the richness of Chinese opera and Chinese culture. There are so many types of Chinese opera, each with its own characteristics and strengths. No one can't say that they don't like Chinese opera, everyone said that they have a favorite type. As for me, I still need to explore more and I think it will take me a few years to listen and understand the intricacies of Chinese opera.

In the West, only Italian opera has gained this level of popularity. Italian opera is dominated by music, showing stories, mostly between lovers, and the complex plots of the lives of the rich in the Middle Ages. This opera is always accompanied by an orchestra. When the opera was first introduced in Venice, its direction changed significantly. The Teatro San Cassiano was the first opera house to open, debuting in 1637. Since then, opera has transitioned from the aristocratic realm to the commercial realm, opening up to a wider paying public. There are many actors in big dresses or shiny costumes on stage, but the plot is not complicated, and even if you don't speak Italian, it's easy to understand what's going on. These highly dramatic performances grew out of a similarly outrageous political situation. Upper Greek theatre and modern music combined into a new type of theatre supported by the Italian Renaissance. Italian opera has always combined beauty and spectacle with intense emotion. It is an elegant treat that is visually, aurally and emotionally mesmerizing.The main difference I think it is in the subject, because the Italian opera is very beautiful and there are many activities around Europe, but Chinese opera presents the human nature and all the stories teach us something about history, culture, but most important about people.

However, the most beautiful stories of heroes, brave and wise people are still in Chinese opera. I believe this is the only style that truly fits the heart, no matter the language or the place, everyone can appreciate the uniqueness of Chinese opera.

指导老师：刘海明　王小杨